TABLE 1. This table examines the effect of seed sample number on the relative size of a 95% confidence interval (CI) about an estimated rate of apparent gene flow (Pa) to the value of the estimate itself. This relationship is expressed as the ratio of the 95% CI to Pa and is examined for cases in which the number of possible paternal parents is 5, the total rate of gene flow is 5 or 10%, and the probability of paternity exclusion is 0.80 or 0.90 Even with only five possible parents per population, several hundred seeds may need to be sampled in order for the width of the 95% CI to be less than twice Pa. (Table prepared by J. Nason).

 

Total rate of gene flow equals 5%

Total rate of gene flow equals 10%

Probability

Apparent

Upper

Apparent

Lower

Ratio of

Apparent

Upper

Apparent

Lower

Ratio of

of paternity

Seeds

gene flow

95% CI

gene flow

95% CI

95% CI

gene flow

95% CI

gene flow

95% CI

95% CI

exclusion

sampled

events

limit

Pa

limit

to Pa

events

limit

Pa

limit

to Pa

0.80

50

1

0.097

0.016

0.000

5.925

2

0.122

0.033

0.004

3.593

75

1

0.080

0.016

0.000

4.860

2

0.106

0.033

0.004

3.127

100

2

0.062

0.016

0.002

3.671

3

0.091

0.033

0.007

2.564

200

3

0.046

0.016

0.003

2.615

7

0.067

0.033

0.013

1.643

300

5

0.038

0.016

0.005

1.992

10

0.060

0.033

0.016

1.340

400

7

0.034

0.016

0.007

1.645

13

0.055

0.033

0.017

1.159

500

8

0.032

0.016

0.007

1.499

16

0.052

0.033

0.019

1.022

600

10

0.030

0.016

0.008

1.333

20

0.050

0.033

0.020

0.901

700

11

0.029

0.016

0.008

1.257

23

0.048

0.033

0.021

0.843

800

13

0.028

0.016

0.009

1.156

26

0.047

0.033

0.021

0.786

900

15

0.027

0.016

0.009

1.106

29

0.046

0.033

0.022

0.739

1000

16

0.027

0.016

0.009

1.079

33

0.046

0.033

0.023

0.697

0.90

50

1

0.130

0.030

0.001

4.367

3

0.164

0.059

0.012

2.563

75

2

0.099

0.030

0.004

3.246

4

0.141

0.059

0.016

2.117

100

3

0.084

0.030

0.006

2.647

6

0.125

0.059

0.022

1.738

200

6

0.063

0.030

0.011

1.776

12

0.101

0.059

0.031

1.190

300

9

0.057

0.030

0.014

1.463

18

0.091

0.059

0.035

0.950

400

12

0.051

0.030

0.015

1.207

24

0.087

0.059

0.039

0.814

500

15

0.049

0.030

0.017

1.079

30

0.083

0.059

0.041

0.709

600

18

0.045

0.030

0.018

0.940

35

0.080

0.059

0.042

0.651

700

21

0.044

0.030

0.018

0.887

41

0.078

0.059

0.043

0.599

800

24

0.043

0.030

0.019

0.822

47

0.077

0.059

0.044

0.556

900

27

0.043

0.030

0.020

0.779

53

0.076

0.059

0.045

0.528

1000

30

0.042

0.030

0.020

0.737

59

0.075

0.059

0.046

0.496