North American Mammalian Time Scale: Appendix APPENDIX. Major localities referrred to each of the named mammalian biochrons and common species found in them. The five most diverse and distinct localities definitely assigned to each interval are listed in alphabetical order (see text for algorithm). Five or more of the most common species are listed in order of occurrence frequency for each of three categories: "index" (found only in this interval), "first appearing" (appears in this interval and later ones), and "last appearing" (appears in this interval and preceding ones). For first and last appearing species, abbreviations in parentheses indicate biochrons of last or first appearance, respectively. * = reference locality; in several cases the reference localities are not listed because they are not very diverse, even though they are retained on the grounds of priority.

Rl (Rancholabrean)
Major localities: Angus, Cedazo, Cumberland Cave, Old Crow River Locality 44, Reddick IA
Index species: Bison latifrons, Capromeryx furcifer, Cynomys niobrarius, Cynomys spenceri, Neofiber leonardi, Peromyscus progressus, Sigmodon bakeri, Sorex scottensis
First appearing: Castoroides ohioensis (Wisconsinan), Neofiber alleni (Recent), Neotoma floridana (Recent), Ondatra zibethicus (Recent), Oryzomys palustris (Recent), Pedomys ochrogaster (Recent), Smilodon fatalis (Wisconsinan), Synaptomys australis (Recent), Ursus americanus (Recent)
Last appearing: Equus calobatus(Bl2), Mammuthus columbi(Ir1A), Mammuthus imperator (Ir1A), Microtus paroperarius(Ir1A), Ondatra annectens(Ir1A), Terricola meadensis (Bl1B)

Ir1B (Late Irvingtonian)
Major localities: Bull Draw, *Burnett Quarry, Cheetah Room, Leisey Shell Pit 1A, Rock Creek
Index species: Sorex cudahyensis, Sorex lacustris, Sorex megapalustris, Spermophilus lorisrusselli, Stegomastodon barbouri
First appearing: Geomys bursarius (Recent), Geomys pinetis (Recent), Holmesina septentrionalis (Wisconsinan), Microtus pennsylvanicus (Recent), Ondatra nebrascensis (Rl)
Last appearing: Canis edwardii(Bl1B), Cuvieronius tropicus (Hh2), Glyptotherium arizonae(Bl2), Holmesina floridanus(Bl1B), Ondatra idahoensis(Bl1B)

Ir1A (Early Irvingtonian)
Major localities: El Golfo de Santa Clara, Haile 16A, Inglis IA, Java, Vallecito Creek
Index species: Cynomys hibbardi, Equus enormis, Equus idahoensis, Homotherium idahoensis
First appearing: Camelops hesternus (Wisconsinan), Canis dirus (Wisconsinan), Paramylodon harlani (Wisconsinan), Spermophilus tridecemlineatus (Recent), Sylvilagus floridanus (Recent)
Last appearing: Equus simplicidens(Bl1A), Gigantocamelus spatulus (Bl1A), Platygonus bicalcaratus(Bl1A), Satherium piscinarium(Bl1A), Trigonictis macrodon(Bl1A)

Bl2 (Late Blancan)
Major localities: 111 Ranch (Upper), Borchers, Sand Draw Quarry, Santa Fe River 1, White Rock Wilson Loc.
Index species: Geomys persimilis, Hibbardomys voorhiesi, Mimomys meadensis, Neotoma leucopetrica, Otospermophilus boothi, Pliolemmus antiquus, Sorex sandersi, Synaptomys rinkeri
First appearing: Arctodus pristinus (Wisconsinan), Blarina brevicauda (Recent), Geomys tobinensis (Rl), Platygonus vetus (Rl), Sorex cinereus (Recent), Tapirus haysii (Wisconsinan)
Last appearing: Calomys arizonae (Bl1A), Canis lepophagus(Hh3B), Mimomys poaphagus (Bl1A), Nannippus peninsulatus(Bl1A), Neotoma quadriplicata(Bl1A), Sigmodon medius(Bl1A)

Bl1B (Middle Blancan)
Major localities: Beck Ranch, Broadwater Locality A, Cita Canyon, Haile XVA, Rexroad KU Locality 3
Index species: Bassariscus casei, Calomys eliasi, Cratogeomys bensoni, Dinofelis palaeoonca, Hesperoscalops blancoensis, Pratilepus kansasensis, Procyon rexroadensis, Prodipodomys minor, Spermophilus howelli, Spilogale rexroadi
First appearing: Canis latrans (Recent), Dasypus bellus (Recent), Lynx rufus (Recent), Odocoileus virginianus (Recent), Scalopus aquaticus (Recent)
Last appearing: Hippotherium emsliei(Cl1B), Hypolagus edensis(Cl1A), Hypolagus gidleyi(Ba1), Hypolagus ringoldensis (Hh2), Paenemarmota barbouri(Hh3B), Pliopotamys minor (Bl1A)

Bl1A (Early Blancan)
Major localities: Fox Canyon, Hagerman (UM-Ida 1a-65), Keefe Canyon, Rancho Viejo, *White Bluffs
Index species: Dipoides intermedius, Mimomys primus, Perognathus maldei, Pliogeomys parvus, Sminthosinus bowleri
First appearing: Equus scotti (Wisconsinan), Hemiauchenia macrocephala (Wisconsinan), Mammut americanum (Wisconsinan), Stegomastodon mirificus (Ir1A), Taxidea taxus (Recent)
Last appearing: Borophagus direptor (Hh2), Buisnictis schoffi (Hh3B), Catagonus brachydontus(Cl2), Eucyon davisi(Hh2), Hemiauchenia vera(Hh2), Hypolagus vetus(Ba2), Neotoma sawrockensis (Hh2)

Hh3B (Late Hemphillian)
Major localities: Honey Creek, Santee, Warren, Westend Blowout, *Yepomera
Index species: Megacamelus merriami, Oregonomys pebblespringsensis, Otospermophilus shotwelli, Perognathus stevei, Repomys gustleyi
First appearing: Alilepus vagus (Bl1B), Brachyopsigale dubius (Bl1B), Hypolagus regalis (Bl1B), Mustela rexroadensis (Bl2), Paenemarmota sawrockensis (Bl1A), Prodipodomys idahoensis (Ir1A)
Last appearing: Dinohippus leidyanus(Cl2), Dinohippus mexicanus (Cl2), Nannippus aztecus(Cl1B), Neohipparion eurystyle(Cl1B), Osteoborus cyonoides(Cl2)

Hh3A (Middle Hemphillian)
Major localities: *Coffee Ranch, Edson, Feltz Ranch, Optima, Redington
Index species: Alforjas taylori, Astrohippus ansae, Bassariscus ogallalae, Lynx proterolyncis, Prodipodomys kansensis, Teleoceras guymonense
First appearing: Cryptotis adamsi (Bl1B), Martinogale alveodens (Hh3B), Perognathus mclaughlini (Bl1A), Pliotaxidea garberi (Hh3B)
Last appearing: Aphelops malacorhinus(Cl1A), Mylagaulus monodon(Ba3), Neohipparion leptode(Hh2), Pliotaxidea nevadensis(Cl1B), Prosthennops serus (Cl1B), Vulpes stenognathus (Cl2)

Hh2 (Early Hemphillian)
Major localities: *Cambridge, Love Bone Bed, McKay Reservoir, Palmetto Mine, Thousand Creek
Index species: Enhydritherium terraenovae, Hippotherium plicatile, Nannippus westoni, Pediomeryx figginsi, Pliometanastes protistus, Pseudhipparion simpsoni, Teleoceras proterum
First appearing: Agriotherium schneideri (Hh3B), Castor californicus (Ir1A), Lynx rexroadensis (Bl1B), Megantereon hesperus (Bl1B), Nannippus lenticularis (Hh3B), Pediomeryx hemphillensis (Hh3B), Plesiogulo marshalli (Hh3B), Teleoceras fossiger (Hh3A)
Last appearing: Epicyon saevus(Ba2), Hipparion tehonense(Ba3), Hippotherium ingenuum (Cl1A), Leptocyon vafer(He2), Procamelus grandis(Ba3)

Cl2 (Late Clarendonian)
Major localities: Black Butte (UO 2500), Black Hawk Ranch, *Lemoyne Quarry, Leptarctus Quarry, Rancho El Ocote (Basal)
Index species: Ammospermophilus junturensis, Barbourofelis morrisi, Eucastor lecontei, Eucastor malheurensis, Rhynchotherium blicki
First appearing: Aphelops mutilus (Hh3B), Astrohippus stockii (Hh3B), Calippus hondurensis (Hh2), Machairodus coloradensis (Hh3B), Megatylopus gigas (Hh3B), Teleoceras hicksi (Hh3B)
Last appearing: Calippus martini(Ba3), Calippus regulus (Ba3), Eucastor tortus(Ba1), Pliohippus pernix(Ba3), Pseudhipparion gratum(Ba3)

Cl1B (Middle Clarendonian)
Major localities: Big Spring Canyon, Fish Lake Valley, *Ricardo, Rome, Xmas Quarry
Index species: Alluvisorex chassae, Amebelodon burnhami, Barbourofelis osborni, Macrogenis crassigenis, Michenia yavapaiensis
First appearing: Calippus cerasinus (Hh2), Dinohippus leardi (Hh2), Dipoides stirtoni (Hh2), Goniodontomys disjunctus (Hh2), Hexobelomeryx simpsoni (Hh2), Nimravides thinobates (Hh2), Protohippus gidleyi (Hh2)
Last appearing: Calippus placidus(Ba3), Cosoryx furcatus(Ba1), Perognathus furlongi (Ba1), Perognathus minutus (He2), Pliohippus tehonensis(Ba3), Pseudhipparion retrusum(Ba3)

Cl1A (Early Clarendonian)
Major localities: Burge Quarry, Cedar Mountain, *MacAdams Quarry, Mission, WaKeeny (UM-K6-59)
Index species: Cranioceras clarendonensis, Cynarctus crucidens, Megahippus matthewi, Pliohippus fossulatus, Pseudhipparion curtivallum, Pseudhipparion hessei, Tomarctus euthos
First appearing: Epicyon haydeni (Hh2), Neohipparion trampasense (Hh2), Pseudhipparion skinneri (Hh2), Teleoceras major (Hh2), Ustatochoerus major (Hh2)
Last appearing: Cosoryx cerroensis(Ba3), Cranioceras skinneri (Ba2), Mylagaulus laevis(He1), Protohippus perditus(He2), Ustatochoerus medius(Ba3)

Ba3 (Late Barstovian)
Major localities: Big Cat Quarry, *Norden Bridge Quarry, Santa Cruz, Valentine Railway Quarries, Yost Farm
Index species: Aptenohyus xiphodonticus, Cupidinimus nebraskensis, Meryceros warreni, Parahippus cognatus, Perognathus trojectioansrum
First appearing: Cranioceras unicornis (Cl2), Dinohippus spectans (Hh2), Gomphotherium willistoni (Cl1A), Procamelus occidentalis (Cl1B), Ustatochoerus profectus (Cl2)
Last appearing: Acritohippus isonesus(He1), Brachycrus laticeps(He2), Hypohippus osborni (Ba1), Merychippus intermontanus (Ba1), Parvericius montanus(Ge2), Ticholeptus zygomaticus(He2)

Ba2 (Middle Barstovian)
Major localities: *Barstow (sensu stricto), Bonanza (Barstow), Kent Quarry, North Pilgrim 2, Red Basin (UO 2495)
Index species: Achlyoscapter longirostris, Acritohippus quinni, Cupidinimus whitlocki, "Prodipodomys" mascallensis, Merychippus shirleyae, Miolabis fricki, Mojavemys magnumarcus, Oreolagus colteri, Parapliosaccomys transversus, Peridiomys oregonensis, Pseudotheridomys pagei
First appearing: Copemys dentalis (Cl2), Copemys russelli (Cl1A), Domninoides valentinensis (Ba3), Eucastor curtus (Ba3), "Oregonomys" agrarius (Cl1A)
Last appearing: Archaeohippus mourningi (Ba1), Merychippus brevidontus(He2), Merychyus relictus(He2), Merycodus sabulonis(He1), Parapliohippus carrizoensis(He1), Peraceras hessei (He1)

Ba1 (Early Barstovian)
Major localities: *Anceney, Cold Spring, Green Hills, Kleinfelder Farm, Virgin Valley
Index species: Amphicyon sinapius, Archaeohippus ultimus, Copemys tenuis, Cupidinimus eurekensis, Liodontia alexandrae, Tomarctus confertus
First appearing: Copemys niobrarensis (Ba3), Hypolagus fontinalis (Cl2), Megasminthus tiheni (Ba3), Merycodus necatus (Ba3), Tamias ateles (Cl1A), Untermannerix copiosus (Cl2)
Last appearing: Merychippus gunteri(He1), Merychyus elegans(Ge1), Mylagaulus vetus (He1), Osbornodon fricki(He2), Tomarctus optatus(He1)

He2 (Late Hemingfordian)
Major localities: Massacre Lake RV-7043, Observation Quarry, Split Rock (UCMP V-69190), *Thomson Quarry, Trinity River Pit 1
Index species: Archaeohippus penultimus, Bouromeryx milleri, Paracosoryx wilsoni, Schaubemys sabrae, Tylocephalonyx skinneri, "Cynorca proterva"
First appearing: Merychippus insignis (Ba3), Metechinus amplior (Cl2), Protolabis heterodontus (Cl2), Protospermophilus quatalensis (Ba3), Teleoceras medicornutum (Ba3)
Last appearing: Bouromeryx submilleri (He1), Brachyerix macrotis(Ha2), "Mesogaulus" novellus(Ha2), Oreolagus nebrascensis(Ha1), Prosynthetoceras texanus (Ha1), Schizodontomys harkseni(Ha2)

He1 (Early Hemingfordian)
Major localities: *Cottonwood Creek (UNSM), Foley Quarry, Gay Hill, Hidalgo Bluff, Jeep
Index species: Anchitherium australis, Anchitherium navasotae, Miolabis californicus, Oxydactylus longirostris, Trogomys rupinimenthae
First appearing: Aphelops megalodus (Cl1A), Calippus proplacidus (Ba3), Cynarctus kelloggi (Ba3), Hypohippus affinis (Cl1A), Tomarctus hippophagus (Ba3)
Last appearing: Archaeohippus blackbergi(Ha2), Menoceras barbouri(Ha2), Parahippus leonensis(Ha1), Proheteromys floridanus (Ha1), Promartes lepidus(Ha1)

Ha2 (Late Harrisonian)
Major localities: Castolon (TMM 40635), Flint Hill North, Martin Canyon Quarry A, Morava Ranch Quarry, Thomas Farm
Index species: Dikkomys matthewi, Gregorymys riggsi, Merycochoerus magnus, Moropus elatus, Phenacocoelus stouti, Phlaocyon annectens, Priscocamelus wilsoni, Schaubemys galbreathi
First appearing: Cynarctoides acridens (He2), Desmathyus pinensis (He2), Mystipterus martini (He1), Parahippus pawniensis (Ba2), Peraceras profectum (Ba3), Proheteromys sulculus (Ba2)
Last appearing: Desmatochoerus megalodon(Ge1), Fossorcastor fossor(Ge2), Megalictis ferox (Ha1), Merychyus siouxensis(Ge2), Merycochoerus matthewi(Ge1), Stenomylus gracilis (Ha1)

Ha1 (Early Harrisonian)
Major localities: AMNH Rosebud 7, Keeline, *Pine Ridge Escarpment, Toledo Bend, Topham
Index species: Hypsiops brachymelis, Merychyus crabilli, Miotapirus harrisonensis, Promerycochoerus barbouri, Promerycochoerus carrikeri
First appearing: Anchippus texanus (He1), Blickomylus galushai (He2), Kalobatippus agatensis (Ha2), Miospermophilus wyomingensis (Ba1), Nanotragulus ordinatus (Ha2), Paraenhydrocyon wallovianus (Ha2), Protospermophilus kelloggi (He2)
Last appearing: Diceratherium armatum(Wh), Gregorymys formosus (Ge2), Herpetotherium youngi(Or), Leidymys blacki (Ge1), Leptauchenia decora(Or), Mesoreodon minor(Ge1), Paraenhydrocyon josephi (Ge1), Promerycochoerus montanus (Ge2)

Ge2 (Late Geringian)
Major localities: Big Muddy Creek, Middle Cabbage Patch Beds, *Monroe Creek (SDSM V-6229), Olson Ranch, Sharps (SDSM V-5362)
Index species: Eutypomys montanensis, Megoreodon hollandi, Notiotamias quadratus, Oxydactylus wyomingensis, Trilaccogaulus ovatus
First appearing: Alwoodia harkseni (Ha1), Amphechinus horncloudi (Ha1), Daphoenodon superbus (Ha2), Enhydrocyon crassidens (Ha1), Proscalops secundus (Ha2)
Last appearing: Leptauchenia major(Wh), Nanotragulus loomisi (Ge1), Palaeolagus hypsodus(Ge1), Palaeolagus philoi(Ge1), Sespia nitida(Ge1)

Ge1 (Early Geringian)
Major localities: *Durnal Ranch Quarry, Foree, Kimberly Member, Little Muddy Creek, Sharps (SDSM V-5360)
Index species: Cormocyon lemur, Cormocyon roii, Ekgmowechashala philotau, Geringia mcgregori, Palaeogale dorothiae
First appearing: Campestrallomys dawsonae (Ge2), Capacikala gradatus (Ge2), Desmatochoerus hatcheri (Ge2), Diceratherium annectens (Ha2), Enhydrocyon pahinsintewakpa (Ha1), Mesoreodon chelonyx (Ge2), Plesiosminthus clivosus (Ha2), Proscalops evelynae (Ge2), Sanctimus stuartae (Ge2)
Last appearing: Eumys elegans(Ch3), Hesperocyon gregarius(Du1), Hypertragulus calcaratus (Ch3), Merycoidodon bullatus(Or), Merycoidodon major(Or)

Wh (Whitneyan)
Major localities: Harris Ranch Unit B, *Indian Stronghold (Protoceras Channel), Kew Quarry, UNSM Sx-14 (Orella D), Vista
Index species: Diceratherium tridactylum, Leptomeryx lenis, Proheteromys nebraskensis, Proterix loomisi, Scottimus exiguus, Scottimus lophatus
First appearing: Cynodesmus thooides (Ge2), Megalagus primitivus (Ge2), Miohippus equiceps (Ge2), Nimravus brachyops (Ge1), Proscalops tertius (Ge1)
Last appearing: Ischyromys typus(Ch1B), Leptomeryx evansi (Ch1A), Megalagus turgidus (Ch3), Merycoidodon culbertsoni(Du2), Mesohippus bairdi(Ch1A), Palaeolagus haydeni(Ch3)

Or (Orellan)
Major localities: Cedar Creek (Lower), Cedar Creek (Middle), Cook Ranch, *Cottonwood Pass (Lower Nodular Zone), Douglas Area Brule (5-6a)
Index species: Adjidaumo intermedius, Daphoenus hartshornianus, Daphoenus vetus, Eutypomys thomsoni, Hoplophoneus primaevus, Paratylopus labiatum
First appearing: Mesocyon temnodon (Ge2), Miniochoerus affinis (Wh), Miniochoerus starkensis (Wh), Palaeolagus burkei (Wh), Palaeolagus intermedius (Wh)
Last appearing: Archaeotherium mortoni(Ch1B), Ischyromys parvidens (Ch3), Ischyromys veterior(Du2), Leptomeryx speciosus(Ch1A), Palaeolagus temnodon(Ch1A)

Ch3 (Late Chadronian)
Major localities: Chadronia Pocket, Flagstaff Rim IV, Horsetail Creek, Peanut Peak, Pipestone Springs
Index species: Apternodus gregoryi, Cylindrodon solarborus, Hoplophoneus mentalis, Leptomeryx transmontanus, Miniochoerus forsythae, Perchoerus minor, Subparictis gilpini
First appearing: Leptictis dakotensis (Wh), Miohippus obliquidens (Ge1), Palaeolagus hemirhizis (Or), Poebrotherium eximium (Or), Poebrotherium wilsoni (Wh), Stibarus obtusilobus (Wh)
Last appearing: Brachyrhynchocyon dodgei(Du2), Eotylopus reedi (Du2), Hyracodon priscidens (Ch1A), Megalagus brachyodon(Ch1A), Pseudocylindrodon neglectus(Du2), Trigenicius profectus(Ch1A)

Ch1B (Middle Chadronian)
Major localities: Airstrip (TMM 40504), *Calf Creek, Dirty Creek Ridge, Flagstaff Rim II, Little Pipestone Creek
Index species: Cylindrodon collinus, "Poebrotherium" franki, Megacerops kuwagatarhinus, Mesohippus propinquus, Paradjidaumo hansonorum, Penetrigonias sagittatus, Pseudocylindrodon texanus
First appearing: Archaeotherium coarctatum (Ch3), Chadrolagus emryi (Ch3), Douglassia jeffersoni (Ch3), Hendryomeryx esulcatus (Or), Leptomeryx mammifer (Ch3)
Last appearing: Agriochoerus maximus (Du1), Ectypodus lovei(Ui2), Eutypomys inexpectatus (Du2), Hyaenodon vetus (Du1), Leptomeryx yoderi (Ch1A), Leptotomus guildayi(Ui2), Mesohippus texanus(Du1), Toxotherium hunteri(Du2)

Ch1A (Early Chadronian)
Major localities: Flagstaff Rim I, McCarty's Mountain, Raben Ranch, Southfork, *Yoder
Index species: Montanatylopus matthewi
First appearing: Herpetotherium fugax (Wh), Hyaenodon horridus (Wh), Hypisodus minimus (Wh), Hyracodon nebraskensis (Wh), Leptictis acutidens (Ch3), Pseudoprotoceras longinaris (Ch3), Trigonias osborni (Ch3)
Last appearing: Centetodon hendryi(Ui2), Leptomeryx blacki (Du2), Metamynodon chadronensis (Du2), Paramys compressidens(Ui2), Pseudotomus johanniculi(Du1), Thylacaelurus montanus(Ui2)

Du2 (Late Duchesnean)
Major localities: Big Red Horizon (Main Fossil Level), Blue Cliff Horizon, *Diamond O Ranch, Pilgrim Creek, Rancho Gaitan
Index species: Aclistomycter middletoni, Colodon stovalli, Hendryomeryx defordi, Microparamys perfossus, Quadratomus gigans
First appearing: Adjidaumo minutus (Wh), Hyaenodon crucians (Or), Miniochoerus gracilis (Wh), Paradjidaumo trilophus (Wh), Prosciurus relictus (Wh)
Last appearing: Amynodontopsis bodei(Du1), Duchesneodus uintensis(Ui1), Epihippus gracilis(Br3), Protoreodon petersoni (Ui1), Protoreodon pumilus(Ui1)

Du1 (Early Duchesnean)
Major localities: Brea Canyon (Bed CS2), Lac Pelletier Lower Fauna, *Lapoint Member, Pearson Ranch (Bed CS20), Swift Current Creek
Index species: Microparamys tricus, Protoreodon pacificus, Protylopus pearsonensis, Protylopus robustus, Simimeryx hudsoni
First appearing: Brachyhyops wyomingensis (Du2), Colodon kayi (Ch3), Epihippus intermedius (Du2), Hyracodon primus (Du2), Protapirus hancocki (Du2)
Last appearing: Copedelphys innominata(Wa2), Herpetotherium knighti(Br1), Peradectes californicus(Ui1), Sespedectes singularis(Ui1), Simimys simplex (Ui1)

Ui2 (Late Uintan)
Major localities: Badwater Locality 20, Badwater Locality 5A, Jeff's Discovery, *Myton Pocket, Uinta B2
Index species: Epitriplopus uintensis, Harpagolestes uintensis, Leptotragulus medius, Malaquiferus tourteloti, "Phenacolemur" shifrae, Talpavus duplus, Triplopus obliquidens
First appearing: Centetodon magnus (Ge2), Domnina gradata (Wh), Dyseolemur pacificus (Du1), Leptoreodon stocki (Du1), Nanodelphys hunti (Wh)
Last appearing: Aethomylus simplicidens(Br2A), Apatemys bellus (Br1), Hyopsodus paulus(Wa4), Pareumys grangeri(Ui1), Sciuravus powayensis(Ui1), Uintasorex parvulus (Br1)

Ui1 (Early Uintan)
Major localities: Casa Blanca, Junction (TMM 41443), *Poway Pipeline Two, Stonecrest, Washakie B (Lower)
Index species: Crypholestes vaughni, Leptoreodon major, Metanoiamys agorus, Uintasorex montezumicus, Washakius woodringi
First appearing: Batodonoides powayensis (Du1), Centetodon aztecus (Du1), Griphomys alecer (Du1), Microparamys woodi (Du1), Proterixoides davisi (Du1)
Last appearing: Hyrachyus eximius (Br1), Hyrachyus modestus(Wa4), Microparamys minutus(Br2A), Omomys carteri(Br1), Paramys copei(Wa2)

Br3 (Late Bridgerian)
Major localities: Cat-tail Spring, *Henry's Fork Hill (Bridger D), Sand Wash, Tepee Trail Bone Bed A, Uinta B1 (Upper)
Index species: Helohyus lentus, Mesatirhinus petersoni
First appearing: Amynodon advenus (Du1), Forstercooperia minuta (Ui2), Hyopsodus uintensis (Du1), Microparamys dubius (Du1), Triplopus implicatus (Ui2)
Last appearing: Homacodon vagans(Br2B), Leptotomus parvus (Br2A), Palaeosyops fontinalis(Br1), Sciuravus nitidus(Br2A), Trogolemur myodes(Wa4)

Br2B (Late Middle Bridgerian)
Major localities: Green Locality, *Grizzly Buttes, Hyopsodus Hill, Millersville, Washakie A
Index species: Acritoparamys wyomingensis, Helohyus plicodon, Hyopsodus lepidus, Patriofelis ferox, Thinocyon velox
First appearing: Helohyus milleri (Br3), Hemiacodon gracilis (Ui1), Notharctus robustior (Ui1), Paramys delicatior (Ui1), Uintatherium anceps (Ui1)
Last appearing: Antiacodon pygmaeus (Br1), Knightomys depressus(Wa2), Microsyops elegans(Wa3), Paramys excavatus(Cf1), Washakius insignis(Wa4)

Br2A (Early Middle Bridgerian)
Major localities: *Bridger A, Elderberry Canyon Quarry, Huerfano III, Powder Wash (Upper), Vass Quarry
Index species: Bathyopsis middleswarti, Didymictis vancleveae, Gazinius amplus, Proviverroides piercei
First appearing: Centetodon pulcher (Ui1), Microsyops annectens (Ui1), Paramys delicatus (Br2B), Smilodectes gracilis (Br2B), Thisbemys corrugatus (Ui1)
Last appearing: Heptodon calciculus(Wa3), Hyopsodus wortmani(Wa2), Hyracotherium vasacciense(Wa3), Microsyops scottianus(Wa4), Vulpavus canavus (Wa3)

Br1 (Early Bridgerian)
Major localities: Buck Spring Quarries, Cathedral Bluffs, Davis Ranch, Deadman Butte, *Huerfano II
Index species: Diacodexis woltonensis, Dipassalus oryctes, Eotitanops minimus
First appearing: Centetodon bembicophagus (Ui1), Herpetotherium marsupium (Du1), Hyopsodus minusculus (Br2B), Scenopagus edenensis (Br2B), Scenopagus priscum (Ui1)
Last appearing: Hyopsodus powellianus(Wa3), Lambdotherium popoagicum(Wa3), Meniscotherium chamense (Wa2), Phenacodus vortmani(Ti2), Thryptacodon antiquus(Ti2)

Wa4 (Late Wasatchian)
Major localities: *Buck Spring Dark Red Stratum, Elk Creek (680 m), Huerfano VI, La Barge, North Fork of the Shoshone River (PU-B)
Index species: Loveina sheai, Loveina wapitiensis, Megalesthonyx hopsoni, Microsyops knightensis, Pelycodus schidelerorum, Viverravus australis
First appearing: Bunophorus sinclairi (Br2A), Eotitanops borealis (Br2A), Notharctus nunienus (Br2A), Notharctus venticolus (Br1), Stylinodon mirus (Ui2)
Last appearing: Cantius frugivorus(Wa2), Esthonyx bisulcatus(Wa2), Hyopsodus miticulus(Wa2), Phenacodus intermedius(Cf1), Vulpavus australis (Wa2)

Wa3 (Middle Wasatchian)
Major localities: Bitter Creek, Elk Creek (530 m), Kraus Flats, Largo, *Lysite
Index species: Apatosciuravus jacobsi, Copelemur australotutus, Copelemur praetutus, Copelemur tutus, Hexacodus uintensis, Knightomys reginensis, Miacis petilus, Microsyops cardiorestes, Steinius vespertinus, Xenicohippus osborni
First appearing: Absarokius abbotti (Br1), Didymictis altidens (Br1), Esthonyx acutidens (Br1), Heptodon posticus (Br1), Viverravus gracilis (Ui1)
Last appearing: Cantius mckennai (Wa2), Didymictis protenus(Cf1), Ectocion osbornianus(Ti4), Haplomylus speirianus(Cf2), Homogalax protapirinus(Wa2)

Wa2 (Early Wasatchian)
Major localities: Bone-anza, East Alheit Pocket, Elk Creek (140 m), No Water (110'), SC-67
Index species: Apheliscus chydaeus, Cardiolophus radinskyi, Diacodexis primus, Hyracotherium grangeri, Neoliotomus ultimus
First appearing: Cantius abditus (Wa3), Didelphodus absarokae (Wa3), Esthonyx spatularius (Wa3), Haplomylus scottianus (Wa3), Microsyops angustidens (Wa3), Prototomus martis (Wa3)
Last appearing: Arctodontomys wilsoni(Cf1), Arfia shoshoniensis(Cf2), Azygonyx grangeri(Cf2), Dissacus praenuntius (Ti3), Ectypodus tardus (Ti3), Plesiadapis dubius(Cf1)

Cf2 (Late Clarkforkian)
Major localities: *Holly's Microsite, Red Creek, Red Hot, SC-48, SC-74
Index species: Arctostylops steini, Azygonyx ancylion, Cyriacotherium psamminum, Dipsalidictis aequidens, Dipsalidictis krausei, Leptacodon rosei, Probathyopsis praecursor
First appearing: Ignacius-like graybullianus (Wa3), Niptomomys doreenae (Wa2), Prodiacodon tauricinerei (Wa3), Prolimnocyon atavus (Wa3), Viverravus acutus (Wa3)
Last appearing: Aletodon gunnelli (Cf1), Apheliscus nitidus (Cf1), Dillerlemur pagei(Ti3), Ectypodus powelli(To3), Haplomylus simpsoni(Cf1), Plesiadapis cookei(Cf1)

Cf1 (Early Clarkforkian)
Major localities: *Bear Creek, Big Multi Locality, Hell's Half Acre (Lower), Oval Hill, Paint Creek
Index species: Ectocion major, Haplomylus palustris, Probathyopsis harrisorum, Prochetodon taxus, Thryptacodon pseudarctos, Titanoides looki
First appearing: Acritoparamys atavus (Wa2), Chriacus gallinae (Wa3), Ectoganus lobdelli (Wa2), Palaeonictis occidentalis (Wa2), Viverravus politus (Wa3)
Last appearing: Dissacus navajovius(Pu), Ectocion mediotuber (Ti3), Protictis dellensis(Ti4), Thryptacodon australis(Ti2), Titanoides primaevus(Ti3)

Ti4 (Late Tiffanian)
Major localities: Dell Creek Quarry, Divide Quarry, *Princeton Quarry, Roche Percee, Swan Hills Site 1
Index species: Aaptoryctes ivyi, Carpodaptes jepseni, Haplolambda quinni, Pentacosmodon pronus, Prochetodon cavus, Propalaeanodon schaffi, Protictis laytoni
First appearing: Barylambda faberi (Wa2), Carpolestes dubius (Cf1), Chiromyoides potior (Cf2), Lambertocyon ischyrus (Cf1), Neoliotomus conventus (Cf2), Princetonia yalensis (Wa2), Protictis schaffi (Cf1)
Last appearing: Ignacius frugivorus(Ti1), Mesodma pygmaea(To1), Phenacodus grangeri (Ti1), Picrodus silberlingi (To1), Plesiadapis churchilli (Ti3), Protictis haydenianus(To1), Ptilodus kummae(Ti2)

Ti3 (Late Middle Tiffanian)
Major localities: *Cedar Point Quarry, Chappo Type Locality, Malcolm's Locality, Olive Locality, Saxonella Locality
Index species: Aletodon quadravus, Bisonalveus holtzmani, Chriacus oconostotae, Haplaletes serior, Pronothodectes gaoi, Protictis agastor, Protictis paralus, Saxonella naylori, Tytthaena parrisi, Unuchinia dysmathes
First appearing: Anacodon ursidens (Wa3), Diacocherus minutus (Cf2), Labidolemur kayi (Wa3), Peradectes protinnominatus (Wa2), Plesiadapis fodinatus (Ti4)
Last appearing: Aphronorus fraudator (To3), Arctocyon ferox(To1), Bryanictis microlestes (To3), Chriacus baldwini(To1), Chriacus pelvidens(To1), Ectocion collinus(Ti1), Plesiadapis rex (Ti2)

Ti2 (Early Middle Tiffanian)
Major localities: Circle Locality, Joe's Bonebed, Love Quarry, *Mason Pocket, Saddle
Index species: Caenolambda pattersoni, Haplaletes pelicatus, Litomylus ishami, Litomylus scaphicus, Navajovius kohlhaasae, Promioclaenus pipiringosi
First appearing: Copecion brachypternus (Wa3), Ectocion cedrus (Ti4), Lambertocyon eximius (Ti4), Neoplagiaulax hazeni (Ti4), Propalaeosinopa albertensis (Ti3)
Last appearing: Anisonchus sectorius(To1), Mimotricentes subtrigonus(Pu), Periptychus carinidens(To1), Promioclaenus acolytus(To1), Psittacotherium multifragum (To1)

Ti1 (Early Tiffanian)
Major localities: Cochrane 2, Douglass Quarry, Eastern Tornillo Flat, Schiebout-Reeves Quarry, *Shotgun
Index species: Anconodon lewisi, Elphidotarsius russelli, Titanoides major
First appearing: Carpodaptes hazelae (Ti3), Elpidophorus elegans (Ti3), Leptacodon packi (Ti4), Neoplagiaulax hunteri (Ti4), Palaeoryctes punctatus (Wa2), Peradectes elegans (Wa2)
Last appearing: Acmeodon secans(To1), Goniacodon levisanus(To1), Mixodectes malaris (To1), Pantolambda cavirictum(To1), Tetraclaenodon puercensis(To1)

To3 (Late Torrejonian)
Major localities: Cedar Mountain (UW V-82004), *Gidley Quarry, Little Muddy Creek, Rock Bench Quarry, Silberling Quarry
Index species: Aphronorus ratatoski, Coriphagus montanus, Gelastops parcus, Neoplagiaulax grangeri, Pronothodectes jepi
First appearing: Chriacus orthogonius (Ti1), Leptacodon munusculum (Ti3), Litocherus lacunatus (Ti4), Mimetodon silberlingi (Ti4), Nannodectes intermedius (Ti2)
Last appearing: Intyrictis vanvaleni (To1), Litaletes disjunctus(To1), Paromomys maturus(To1), Promioclaenus lemuroides(To1), Tetraclaenodon septentrionalis(To1)

To1 (Early Torrejonian)
Major localities: Calgary 2E/7E, Dragon Canyon, Little Pocket, Swain Quarry, West Flank Torreon Wash (Pantolambda Zone)
Index species: Conoryctella pattersoni, Deltatherium fundaminis, Deuterogonodon noletil, Mioclaenus turgidus, Triisodon quivirensis
First appearing: Haplaletes disceptatrix (Ti2), Leptacodon tener (Ti4), Litomylus dissentaneus (Ti2), Propalaeosinopa diluculi (Ti4), Protoselene opisthacus (Ti2)
Last appearing: Anisonchus onostus(Pu), Desmatoclaenus hermaeus(Pu), Ellipsodon grangeri(Pu), Haploconus angustus(Pu), Loxolophus spiekeri (Pu), Neoplagiaulax macintyrei (Pu)

Pu (Puercan)
Major localities: Alexander, *Mammalon Hill, Mantua Lentil, Purgatory Hill, Rav W-1 Horizon
Index species: Baioconodon nordicus, Oxyprimus erikseni, Procerberus formicarum, Protungulatum donnae, Stygimys kuszmauli
First appearing: Neoplagiaulax nelsoni (Ti2), Parectypodus sinclairi (Ti3)
Last appearing: Alphadon marshi (Ju), Cimolodon nitidus(Ed), Meniscoessus robustus(Ed), Mesodma formosa(Aq), Mesodma thompsoni(Ju)

La (Lancian)
Major localities: Flat Creek 5, Gryde, *Lull 2 Quarry, Lull's Locality 5, Red Owl Quarry
Index species: Didelphodon vorax, Glasbius twitchelli, Gypsonictops hypoconus, Gypsonictops illuminatus, Pediomys florencae
First appearing: Cimexomys minor (Pu), Cimolestes incisus (Pu), Cimolestes magnus (Pu)
Last appearing: Cimolomys gracilis(Ed), Pediomys cooki (Ed), Pediomys hatcheri(Ju), Pediomys krejcii(Ed), Turgidodon rhaister(Ed)

Ed (Edmontonian)
Major localities: Lower Hunter Wash, *Scabby Butte
Index species: Meniscoessus conquistus
First appearing: Kimbetohia campi (Pu)
Last appearing: Cimolodon electus(Aq), Gypsonictops clemensi(Ju), Meniscoessus intermedius(Ju), Mesodma senecta(Aq)

Ju (Judithian)
Major localities: *Clambank Hollow Quarry, Fossil Forest Quarry 1, Kaiparowits Formation (Lower), Makela's French I (Mammal 1), Terlingua
Index species: Alphadon halleyi, Alphadon sahnii, Cimexomys judithae, Gypsonictops lewisi, Meniscoessus major, Mesodma primaeva, Turgidodon russelli
First appearing: Eodelphis cutleri (La), Mesodma hensleighi (Pu), Paracimexomys priscus (La), Pediomys elegans (Pu), Protalphadon lulli (La)
Last appearing: Cimolodon similis(Aq), Cimolomys clarki(Aq)

Aq (Aquilan)
Major localities: Verdigris Coulee (UA-MR-20), *Verdigris Coulee (UA-MR-6), Verdigris Coulee (UA-MR-8), Wahweap Formation
Index species: Aquiladelphis incus, Aquiladelphis minor, Cimexomys antiquus, Paracimexomys magister, Protalphadon creber