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Ecosystem Services (1994 US$ ha-1 yr-1) |
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Total |
Total |
|
Total |
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|
|
|
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
Value |
Global |
|
Global |
Present |
Market |
|
|
|
Area |
Gas |
Climate |
Disturbance |
Water |
Water |
Erosion |
Soil |
Nutrient |
Waste |
|
Biological |
Habitat/ |
Food |
Raw |
Genetic |
|
|
per ha |
Flow Value |
|
Stock Value |
Value per ha |
Price |
Biome |
|
|
(e6 ha) |
Regulation |
Regulation |
Regulation |
Regulation |
Supply |
Control |
Formation |
Cycling |
Treatment |
Pollination |
Control |
Refugia |
Production |
Materials |
Resources |
Recreation |
Cultural |
($/ha/yr) |
(e9 $/yr) |
|
(e12 $) |
($/ha) |
($/ha) |
Marine |
|
|
36,302 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
577 |
20949 |
|
418.98 |
11542 |
|
|
Open Ocean |
|
33,200 |
38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
118 |
|
|
5 |
|
15 |
0 |
|
|
76 |
252 |
8381 |
|
167.62 |
5049 |
|
|
Coastal |
|
3,102 |
|
|
88 |
|
|
|
|
3677 |
|
|
38 |
8 |
93 |
4 |
|
82 |
62 |
4052 |
12568 |
|
251.36 |
81040 |
|
|
|
Estuaries |
180 |
|
|
567 |
|
|
|
|
21100 |
|
|
78 |
131 |
521 |
25 |
|
381 |
29 |
22832 |
4110 |
|
82.20 |
456647 |
|
|
|
Seagrass/Algae Beds |
200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19002 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
19004 |
3801 |
|
76.02 |
380080 |
|
|
|
Coral Reefs |
62 |
|
|
2750 |
|
|
|
|
|
58 |
|
5 |
7 |
220 |
27 |
|
3008 |
1 |
6075 |
375 |
|
7.50 |
121500 |
|
|
|
Shelf |
2,660 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1431 |
|
|
39 |
|
68 |
2 |
|
|
70 |
1610 |
4283 |
|
85.65 |
32200 |
|
Terrestrial |
|
|
15,323 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
804 |
12319 |
|
246.38 |
16079 |
|
|
Forest |
|
4,855 |
|
141 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
96 |
10 |
361 |
87 |
|
2 |
|
43 |
138 |
16 |
66 |
2 |
969 |
4706 |
|
94.13 |
19387 |
|
|
|
Tropical |
1,900 |
|
223 |
5 |
6 |
8 |
245 |
10 |
922 |
87 |
|
|
|
32 |
315 |
41 |
112 |
2 |
2007 |
3813 |
|
76.25 |
40133 |
|
|
|
Temperate/Boreal |
2,955 |
|
88 |
|
0 |
|
|
10 |
|
87 |
|
4 |
|
50 |
25 |
|
36 |
2 |
302 |
894 |
|
17.87 |
6048 |
|
|
Grass/Rangelands |
|
3,898 |
7 |
0 |
|
3 |
|
29 |
1 |
|
87 |
25 |
23 |
|
57 |
|
0 |
2 |
|
232 |
906 |
|
18.11 |
4646 |
520 |
|
Wetlands |
|
330 |
133 |
|
4539 |
15 |
3800 |
|
|
|
4177 |
|
|
304 |
256 |
106 |
|
574 |
881 |
14785 |
4879 |
|
97.58 |
295705 |
|
|
|
Tidal Marsh/Mangroves |
165 |
|
|
1839 |
|
|
|
|
|
6696 |
|
|
169 |
466 |
162 |
|
658 |
|
9990 |
1648 |
|
32.97 |
199802 |
|
|
|
Swamps/Floodplains |
165 |
265 |
|
7240 |
30 |
7600 |
|
|
|
1659 |
|
|
439 |
47 |
49 |
|
491 |
1761 |
19580 |
3231 |
|
64.62 |
391609 |
|
|
Lakes/Rivers |
|
200 |
|
|
|
5445 |
2117 |
|
|
|
665 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
230 |
|
8498 |
1700 |
|
33.99 |
169962 |
|
|
Desert |
|
1,925 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
0 |
|
|
Tundra |
|
743 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
0 |
|
|
Ice/Rock |
|
1,640 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
0 |
|
|
Cropland |
|
1,400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
24 |
|
54 |
|
|
|
|
92 |
128 |
|
2.56 |
1832 |
|
|
Urban |
|
332 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
0 |
|
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Total |
51,625 |
1341 |
684 |
1779 |
1115 |
1692 |
576 |
53 |
17075 |
2277 |
117 |
417 |
124 |
1386 |
721 |
79 |
815 |
3015 |
|
33268 |
|
665.35 |
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Notes: |
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1. Numbers in the body of the table are in $ ha-1 yr-1 |
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Row and column totals are in e9 $ yr-1 |
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ie. Column totals (in e9 $/yr) are the sum of the products of the |
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per ha services in the table and the area of each biome, |
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not the sum of the per ha services themselves. |
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2. Shaded cells indicate services that do not occur or are known to be negligable. |
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Open cells indicate lack of available information. |
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